Problems With Hmos Essays - Health In The United States,

Problems With Hmo's Many employees must designate a health plan through their employer. These days, as HMOs (health maintenance organizations) and managed care plans continue to proliferate, that means a choice between bad and worse. As employees line up in the lunch-room for a process called open enrollment, they may be surprised to learn that managed care rates have gone up ? again. The mirage that managed care is cheaper care is finally fading. And, for the first time in years, employees may also have the promise of free choice in medicine in the form of a new method of financing health care. Consumers are already aware of horror stories involving HMOs, but cheap rates persuaded many that managed care is less expensive. Recent rate hikes are proving otherwise. Many patients must go out of network for crucial care. Co-payments are rising. It's little wonder why. As HMO executive Randall Crenshaw, chief medical officer for Cariten Healthcare of Tennessee, recently told the Wall Street Journal, more man aged care patients are becoming frequent fliers; they over utilize health care and drive costs up. The deterioration of managed care stems from a basic economic principle: health care subsidized by government and rationed by bureaucrats is doomed to failure. Canada's socialized medical system, which designates knee replacement an elective, is sending patients scurrying across the border and national health care in the United Kingdom restricts heart transplants to anyone under age 55. Managed care in America is no exception. Congress made health insurance premiums fully tax deductible to employers covering employees' health care in 1942. This discouraged individuals from buying insurance for themselves and encouraged employers to offer benefits. Eventually, employees came to regard health care as an entitlement provided by the employer. In 1965, Congress created Medicare. Seniors were forced into the free-for-all of Medicare, personal responsibility was replaced by paternalism, and, predictably, unrestricted health care for older Americans lead to frenzy of spending by patients and doctors. Those who had clamored for Medicare argued that, since the state subsidizes seniors' medical care, the state ought to pay for everyone's health care. In an act of pragmatism, President Nixon proposed the HMO Act, which Congress passed in 1973. The law gave millions of dollars to HMOs, which, until then, had constituted a small portion of the market. HMOs multiplied rapidly with the new federal giveaways. Managed care, now including PPOs, mushroomed. Employers initially perceived managed care plans as cheaper than traditional fee-for-service insurance. Gradually, they stopped offering a choice of health plans, making individual policies more expensive. HMOs' penetration of the industry had been subsidized into existence. Government had instituted managed care. Today, while overall quality of patient care remains the best in the world, doctors practice medicine in an increasingly intricate web of rationing and regulations: Physicians are stripped of professional autonomy. As patients wander the maze of managed bureaucracy, costs rise and quality deteriorates. Every American dependent on a third party for health coverage is a potential victim of managed care. And state sponsored management of medicine is growing. Last year, Congress and the President increased regulations on the medical profession with the Kennedy Kassebaum legisla tion. This year, Congress approved the President's $24 billion in kiddie care state subsidies. A few politicians (Senotors Kennedy and Wellstone), demand national health care on the grounds that health care is a right. Is health care a right? The Declaration of Independence protects the inalienable right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness; it does not guarantee happiness or health care. The right to act in your self-interest and provide necessities for yourself means you have the right to choose. A proper solution adopts and protects this right. Fortunately, Congress has the power to preserve the freedom of choice in medicine: they can vote to expand medical savings accounts (MSAs). Approved for a limited test last year, MSAs are used in conjunction with high deductible insurance. Contributions are tax-deductible and money earns interest; funds may be used to cover medical expenses ? including mental health, vision and dental care ? tax-free. MSAs, offered by Merrill Lynch, Time Insurance and Wells Fargo, among others, allow employees to boost savings. MSAs offer patients an escape from managed care and

Nice classification essay good advice (free example)

Nice classification essay good advice (free example) Classification essay It is a well-known fact that a lot of students have no idea what a classification essay is. They encounter with this type of task and have no idea how to even start writing it. Tutors assign them with the aim of assessing students’ skills in data categorization. It may sound scary if you do not know anything about the nature of this kind of essay, but when you find useful tips on writing, this task will become super easy for you. Check out the tricks on how to write a classification essay. What Is a Classification Essay? First of all, it is necessary to find out what this type of an essay is. The simplest way to provide an explanation of this essay is as follows: classification essay is aimed to show student’s skills in proper generalization and categorization. Most often, you will have to structure things into certain categories and provide examples for each category. You have a right to choose the classification criteria but remember that you need to reason it logically. Producing an outstanding classification essay is an art that requires flawless knowledge of the specific structure and format of this type of writing. The student also needs to know all the peculiar features of the outline writing, topic selection, and choosing relevant examples. How to Make a Classification Essay Great Being a specific type of writing, classification assignment requires proper organization of ideas and establishment of exact logical connections in the text. It is necessary to do the sorting of all the essay arguments in specific categories and organize all the ideas properly. Moreover, all the chosen categories should correspond to the topic of the essay. The writer is free to choose from a variety of classification essay topics; however, it is essential to keeping mind three important aspects. Firstly, the subject of the essay is supposed to be reflected in all the used categories; that rule is the basis of professional classification. Secondly, there should be one universal logical principle in the basis of all categories notwithstanding their quantity. Thirdly, there should be bright examples in every of the presented categories. The Structure of an Essay What is a classification essay? This question is the basis for proper structure of this type of writing developed on the appropriate construction of the relevant categories. The easiest way to structure an essay is to use a so-called ‘five paragraphs’ method. Of course, you are free to add additional sections in you essay. It will depend on the instructions you receive from your tutor. Effective Outline of the Essay All classification essays need well-written outlines as a presentation of the key facts and principles of writing. A good essay is always based on a perfect outline which requires great effort and time to be written in a good way. Introduction You should start from the introductory paragraph. Identify the selected subject and provide an explanation on what will be categorized. Provide the essay purpose as well. Explain the reason of items categorization. The introductory part should always contain a strong thesis statement that is supposed to reveal the topic and the principles of classification. A thesis is good if it justifies the selection of certain categories used for classification. Besides, the structure of the thesis statement should be logical and precise; it contains the theme, the peculiarities of classification, and the used categories. A student knows how to write a classification essay if they use not more than three categories in an essay; therefore, the classification will be clear and not blurred. The example of a good thesis statement is the following sentence. There are three benefits of exchange for the students: getting good education, becoming more experienced, and an opportunity to learn the cultures. Main Body It is recommended to ensure that the body of the assignment contains three categories, starting from the least important to the most important. Each of the categories should contain a number of examples, although the third one is supposed to have the brightest of them. An effective division and classification essay has a single organizing principle in every of the categories, which are organized on the basis of establishing certain groups of arguments. Explain the criteria for a particular category at the beginning. Provide suitable examples in each category. Include concluding sentence in the end of the paragraph to make paragraphs sound logical. Conclusion A good conclusion of an essay restates the thesis and summarizes the analyzed categories. Here you need to unite all the discussed categories. Usually it is done in a form of a short summary. Pay attention to your specific instructions and in case it is required, provide recommendations in conclusion. In addition, it is of vital significance to provide an explanation on why you have decided to come to this particular conclusion. Make sure you do not provide any new ideas and discuss new points in conclusion. This mistake is common among students and is one of the reasons of low grades. That is why please try to avoid such mistakes when writing your classification essay. Classification Essay Definition and Format Any type of essays, including a classification essay, can have different formatting in accordance with the professor’s instruction. The topic and subject determine whether the essay is formatted in AMA, APA, MLA, Chicago or Turabian style. The most essential requirement to formatting is to be consistent in all the elements of the essay: fonts, spacing, titles, paragraphs, headings, indentation, page numbers, works cited, as well as using emphasis and justification. Classification and Division Essay Topics and Examples It is possible to find a large collection of essays in various databases just to have an idea of proper structuring and formatting. However, it is important to remember about the principle of originality and proper selection of topics. Logical connections and proper organization are the cornerstones of success in classification writing. Writing a classification essay is a task that requires delicate approach and considerable effort. If you understand the topic and have plenty of ideas, your essay writing will be superb. In case you are hesitant about the topic or you are not sure that your skills are sufficient for excellent writing, contact us any time to get assistance.

Final Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Final - Term Paper Example A company selling a hundred per cent polyester sweaters is not allowed by law to advertise their product under the phrase â€Å"That Wool Feel.† This is so because the phrase would be found misleading to the potential consumers and would count as a misrepresentation since the makers of the sweaters know that using the term â€Å"that wool feel† is false representation and that it is intended to induce justifiable reliance to the consumers. Also the issue of monetary loss arises in the fact that it is relatively cheaper to use polyester as a cloth making material as opposed to wool. The act also results in to a fraud since reliance is also established by the fact that a statement of the sweater maker’s opinion will be held as true hence relied upon by the consumer since the manufacturer has, by general assumption, more superior skill and knowledge about sweaters. In this case, the five elements of fraud apply. Case 2 In a case where a person or an organisation dec ides to use other persons’ material and the material happens to be copyrighted or patented, then the person should be held liable for one or more of the intellectual property torts. In the case sample given, College Copy Shop gained money from publishing whose owners reserved the sole right of republishing, duplicating or copying as is the case with any original publisher. The law of intellectual property tort states that once there is a patent or a copyright, as is in this case, using it for any other reason other than the ones expressly allowed by the publisher would be an infringement to the patent rights; hence patent law would be applied in deciding the case should a legal suit emerge. Case 3 Ace Corp. sent an invitation to J. Brown to work for them; an act that is legally considered as advertisement rather than an offer. J. Brown replied with details that he would like the job for a certain pay coupled with other demands and technically that was the offer. Afterwards Ac e Corp. replied to J. Browns offer and said that his offer was something they could work with and asked if J. Brown could report, something that he assented to. After the third month, he found that Ace Corp. was not honouring their initial agreement to the letter and decided to quit the job, where he moved back to the company he previously worked for before going to Ace Corp. During J. Brown’s exit from his employer Ace Corp., he took with him confidential information belonging to Ace Corp. and when he re-joined Crown, his employer before Ace Corp., he shared the stolen information with Crown. The issues in this case are if there was a contract between Ace Corp. and J. Brown, whether Ace Corp. breached it after denying J. Brown the bonus he had requested on the offer he made and if J. Brown can recover damages therein. Here is a detailed analysis on the above issues. Brown had a contract with Ace Corp. even though his offer was not out rightly accepted by letter or word of mo uth. In the laws of contract, performance is considered as adequate and sufficient acceptance if it is done in response to an offer or a counter offer. I this case, Ace Corp. accepted J. Brown’

Product Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Product Assessment - Essay Example Fax machines had been very popular in offices and at home for transmitting messages anywhere for some time. According to coupon. chili.com website, an environmentalist group, there are about 46.3 million fax machines in the world, most of which are held in the United States, Japan, Germany, France and UK (in that order) . This group is worried on the environmental effect of the staggering amount of paper consumed by the operation which they presumed to reach 853 miles of paper or approx. 1.373 kilometers and an impact to 2 million trees used for paper. It was once an important piece of technology that is attached to a telephone. However it is now considered by several analysts as an outdated technology that has many flaws. In the office setting, it is considered as a security risk for information and one that consumes a lot of money and materials. Due to other available means of communication, the fax machine is now suffering from a steady decline. For instance, as cited by Nick Staf feiri (April 9, 2010), law firms in Philadelphia have decreased its facsimile usage by about 55 to 70% from previous years due to electronic preference of documents than paper. A survey done by Linkedin to 7,000 professionals in 17 countries around the globe showed that it is one of the products that is slowly losing its appeal and would disappear by 2017 (Vivian Gang. Sept 25, 2012). So it is closer to an end, and by this time manufacturers in the US should have developed a strategy to avert this closure. Recommendations Businesses have a product cycle of growth, maturity and decline. In each stage businesses have to adjust strategies to complement the needs of the market and environment. In the declining stage, businesses will notice a decline in sales of the product or service. a. When a product reaches declining stage, it is about time that the company does strategic actions to resuscitate the dying business. At this point, company should look into foreign markets that have need for the fax machine. Wagner, K. (May 15, 2013), a reporter of the CNN, argued that in some markets, fax machines refused to die. This is the case in Japan wherein the popularity of fax machines has grown roots into the Japanese society. Old folks have developed attachment to the fax machine that they found it hard to replace regardless of the modern technology. Taking this as a cue, manufacturers of fax machine should take the market opportunity of developing third world countries. Statistics compiled by the Nation Master website showed that there are more users of fax machine in Japan aside from US, than in any other countries while fewer users are shown for African and Asian countries. This is an opportune time to develop these regions and introduce the product. b. It is also about time that manufacturers of fax machines upgrade their product to cope up with the advent of new technology. In order for the fax system to expand, it will be necessary to bring into it developments of multiple functions of the information system. But of course, this will be a tall order that will cause its reinvention and would incur a lot of new investments. Adding new features would be a risky investment where return of investment is not sure. c. Reduce marketing expenses such as advertisements and promotions. These are overhead expenses that could reduce operating cost and help preserve the business, and if sales do not improve, manufacturer

Reading questions for white in jakarta Coursework

Reading questions for white in jakarta - Coursework Example It is human nature to be curious of other cultures and people. Every culture in the world is defined by the dominant race and not through its own means. Some people who feel uncomfortable being identified as a particular race pretend that they are part of the crowd and do not stand out so much. Non-white cultures often have words to call white people. These words can be offensive if used in the wrong manner, but primarily they are non-threatening even if somewhat impolite. White culture tries to portray the view that it is not marked because otherwise it would not have power over non-white cultures. 1. Through reading this I did agree that white people do not really have a defined culture. There are very few celebrations specifically for white people because they seem to be able to celebrate every occasion. It is other cultures that are marked because they have their own celebrations and festivities that are important to them. For white culture to gain importance there needs to be more of a celebration of it. 2. I had not thought that it was rude to call white people a slang term. These terms have always been used to call white people because they are different and stand out, especially when they are in an environment where they are in the minority. 3. The thing I am confused about is why other cultures seem to cope better, or assimilate better, when they enter a dominant white culture, yet the reverse does not produce the same results. I mean that white people who live in countries other than their own tend to struggle because they have been used to being the dominant culture and suddenly are not anymore. I think that it is interesting who white people are portrayed in movies and on television. Because they are the dominant culture, they seem to be able to play every role. Yet people of other ethnicities only have few roles available to them, and those roles will likely fill a stereotype. Why are so

Japanese Airlines (JAL) Human Resource Management Practices

Japanese Airlines (JAL) Human Resource Management Practices The world we live in is constantly faced with many new challenges that must overcome to survive in which business world is one of them. Changes in the world have affected many companies and industrial activities to develop and able to adapt in various kind of nature (Kearns, 2010). The most effectively modified to profit in the business world would be the approaching to human resource sector. For the past decades, human work force have been using like an operating machines, working hard and harsh. But in the present world, human work force can be call the most valuable assets for the business world, presenting as a company core competency and the force that would drive an organization to archives goals (Pate Beaumont, 2006). Management in human resource currently have create and issues within the corporations, also as for the activating the service sector, in which the quality of interaction between costumers and service providers is very important for the success in the business ac tivity. Airline companies have increase on the human resource strategies and policies to make use of them in the company values (Heracleous Wirtz, 2009). This essay presents the most relevant human resource management practices to be adopted by JAL to cope up with the various problems. According to Kearns (2010), For most of the 20th century, the number of tasks and levels in large organizations grew incrementally, with new job and career opportunities to full-time employees. Opening the phase of 21st century have been about fundamental changes as because of many factors include global developments on technological and economical, also in labor market trends as well as the need of flexibility (Holbeche, 2009). As such, organizations have to temporary cancel some of their operations or closing the facilities. Need for cost reduction, plus speed and flexibility have made an organization to decrease a full-time employees result in temporary employment. Global labor market trend is constantly facing an extensive transformation in which cause difficulty in recruiting an employee and to maintain quality workers (Hunter, 2006). Hence, private and public organizations are becoming reliant on alternative employee work patterns. The first step to be taken at JAL is to realis tically analyze the current state of all HR-related matters and to develop a concept for its future development. This will revolve around the issues of market changes in coming years and the companys skills and core competences. The management of people in the airline company is complicated by the pro-cyclical nature of the industry and the proportion and malleability of labor costs (Boswell, Bingham Colvin, 2006). These factors have combined to necessitate cost cutting and to insure that those cuts are often focused on the labor. Competent management of people in airline is extremely important. Pilots occupy a position of considerable bargaining power and have not been averse to exercising that power. Flight crew is also an extremely valuable commodity for airlines due to their extensive training and their scarcity (Harvey Turnbull, 2006). It is imperative, then, management generates a committed and satisfied flight crew community. As per Kearns (2010), The business plan should include a description of organizational structure, including management and human resources capabilities, philosophy and needs, the number of employees intended to hire, how to manage them and the estimated personnel costs. The objective of the HR action plan at JAL should be to build JALs institutional capacity, productivity, and efficiency by effectively managing its most important asset, its staff. At the core of the HR action plan are measures to enhance and update HR management to attract, motivate and retain high-quality staff with the technical skills, behaviors and values needed to implement Strategy. This can be achieved by recruiting and developing staff with full commitment to JALs mission and the proactive attitudes essential for adapting to a changing environment; providing stable and clear mid- and long-term employment with more clearly defined career expectations; and offering an enabling environment in which staff can ful ly realize their potential to produce high-quality products and services (Ruefli, 2007). Given this relatively long-term employment model and the dynamic region in which JAL operates, the knowledge and skills sets of JAL staff need to be relevant and up to date. Recognizing the importance of keeping staffs technical skills sets current, JAL must in turn provide more learning opportunities. This will also support one of the thrusts of Strategy; enhancing JALs knowledge products and services. A key element in providing such an enabling environment will be for JAL to adopt best HR management practices so its staff and stakeholders recognize that HR is being managed properly and in full support of Strategy. These will include offering attractive and competitive conditions that are in line with those at comparator organizations; implementing HR actions based on performance and merit that are fair, reasonable, transparent and consistently practiced; and providing career development and learning opportunities to enable staff to develop and continually upgrade their skills in an evolving environment (Miles Mangold, 2005). Collectively, these measures are expected to address most of the issues highlighted by staff. These included career development and progression, performance management, staff development, salary and benefits, work-life balance. More effective communication with staff to manage the change is essential for JAL to achieve the intended impact for all actions. In order to define a framework for development, SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) and PESTLIED (political, economic, social, technological, legal, international, environmental and demographic changes) analyses are helpful for JAL (Hamill, 2006). Customer and employee surveys can provide important information about the various stakeholders interests. Analyses of competitors indicate current market position. But how does the company want to position itself on the market in the future? A vision helps the company define its aims and objectives (Doherty, 2005). This way, JAL can decide whether it wants to focus on price, innovation or customer relations. When the company has developed visions and aims based on upcoming challenges, they can check what skills already exist. They can then compare the current situation with future requirements using such tools as a qualifications matrix or a dynamic training requirement analysis (Holbeche, 2009). FAQs at such a time for JAL are: What should our employees do differently in the future, and Why are not they doing this already? But one also asks, what distinguishes a good employee from a bad one? At JAL, the human resource functions need to be called as the People Department. Recognizing that the people are the competitive advantage, there is a need to deliver the resources and services to prepare the people to be winners, to support the growth and profitability of the company, while preserving the values and special culture of JAL. The importance of HR should be reflected in every human resource function. Recruitment, selection, training, performance management, compensation, benefits and labor relations all should be supportive to JALs business strategy (Heracleous Wirtz, 2009). As a manager of a human resources department, diversity initiatives, team building, and leadership development would be very important parts of the strategy (Pate Beaumont, 2006). There are several reasons for this. The goal is to keep the best and most energetic people with the company. Develop leadership can work along with personal goals with corporate goal and improve the trust to the organization. It also shows a sincere effort to improve the individual. Team building helps improve a sense of belonging and loyalty to the company. Many people who are known to each other and have common interest tend to work better together (Miles Mangold, 2005). This will make an environment in JAL where it is pleasant to work and where employees are more inclined to help each other, especially during a crisis. Safe and happy workplace make employees feel good to be there. Each individual is given importance and provide security that give them motivation to stay on. This usually can be achieved by surveys to be able to find out the satisfied level of the employees (Hamill, 2006). Open Management Employees dislike the feeling of not knowing the state of what happening in the company. They would feel more motivated when they have part in discussion of company policies, sales, clients, contracts, and objectives (Ruefli, 2007). This encourages participative management. Ask the employees for ideas on how to improve would make them think more creative. Being open about everything related to company, will help building trust and motivated the employees in JAL. Open management policy and be use and practice using several tools. Good performance should be reward, such as bonuses or giving other compensation for well done job. With this reward system organization would not be struggle to keep up with attrition rate (Ruefli, 2007). Even if it is employees job, completion in an appropriate and acceptable manner would create a more profitable profit, and this also can boost up the staff morality (Hunter, 2006). These incentive can be use at JAL, individual or at team level, this have been observe that this works, getting the best out of employees. Still the reward should not be given without reason unless it is for annual bonuses. Doing so would reduce the perceived value of bonuses (Kearns, 2010). It is a well known for HR managers that hiring managers would try to begin the hiring process for a candidate that only have little idea of what exactly they are looking for (Boswell, Bingham Colvin, 2006). Even when job description is available for them to refer to, they must be kept on reminded to use it as a reference tool or else they are wasting everybodys time. Hiring managers must review what it is that they are looking for. Each year, requirement and criteria change. It is necessary to post all jobs that is vacant on company website so that everyone knows about it can apply for that some might be qualified (Harvey Turnbull, 2006). Candidate must need to conduct on behavior and technical test first, and then telephone screening, next as for face-to-face interview. The first advantage of testing is that there are no surprises later about their abilities. It make recruiting process tighter and more quality quantified and having constant process make recruiting consistent acros s all departments (Doherty, 2005). JAL should publicly explain almost every detail of the practices to be used to select employees. In theory, any company could attempt to copy the process and claim it as their own, but it would probably fall for a number of reasons. At JAL, much more energy and time should be expanded on the process. To find the right people, they should spend the money up front on the selection process, in the belief that it will become worthwhile over time (Ruefli, 2007). What should managers at JAL look for in the selection process? The approach should place great emphasis on hiring based on attitude. The search should be for something that considers to be elusive and important: a blend of energy, humor, team spirit, and self-confidence. These key predictors should be used at JAL to indicate how well applicants will perform. There should be centralized process that will help the organization as the applicants will have to go to one place and specialists trained in selection techniques can assist in the process of deciding which candidates should be hired and where they ought to be placed. JAL should keep the line managers and other employees involved in the process, and doing so will benefit the company for a number of reasons. Employees who will get the opportunity to contribute in the selection of their team members will become more committed to helping them succeed, and the process will also give them a sense of urgency (Pate Beaumont, 2006). The involvement of all levels of management and employees along with the HR department in the selection and placement process will help in building a strong network of employees. Thus, it will help JAL in providing the right attitude and service to its customers. There should be sound procedures in place for any level of selection, be it in the form of personality tests, interviews, or other assessments (Ruefli, 2007). The selection and placement decisions, however, should be ultimately made by a combined panel of line managers and specialized representatives from the People Department. These decisions will seem to be made with the full participation of present employees in the spirit of true partnership. There should be great emphasis on specialization and training. The training of new hires should be focused on building relational competence as well as functional expertise. Each new hire should receive classroom training and on-the-job training (Boswell, Bingham Colvin, 2006). Orientation should include ample exposure to JALs culture. Training should be broadly focused so that the new employees understand the jobs of other JAL staffers they may have to interact with. This will help employees to understand how their job fits and they can support others, consistent with the team aspect of the culture. At JAL, sharing of information such as contact and financial information with employees is a must so that they would understand the decision that has been made (Doherty, 2005). Passing this process, employees learn about the business, which is more than just a creative subject. This involves making a strategic decision to allow on contracts that are along with business and strategic business models (Hamill, 2006). People have knowledgeable and understand where money comes from and go to. They know what happen at bonus time and why it does or doesnt get paid out. People become more knowledgeable about business and feel more importance about their contribution and impact (Ruefli, 2007). Employees have changed their focus on just their job to the whole company. The importance of labor relation cannot be underestimated in any company (Harvey Turnbull, 2006). As the JAL employees union members and IASCO employees were not have the union less bargaining power. Pay and benefits of all empl oyees should be specified through the collective bargaining. JAL began to hire non-Japanese employees and pay labor wages. All employees should be paid equally at or above-market pay. It should introduce the profit sharing plan. Stock purchase plan should be introduced which will allow employees to purchase stock shares from payroll deductions at a discount (Miles Mangold, 2005). JAL should provide attractive benefits packages. Employees should receive medical insurance, dental insurance, vision coverage, life insurance, long-term disability insurance, dependent care, adoption assistance and mental health assistance (Doherty, 2005). This will let employees to know how much they are valued by helping them in times of need, be it with financial assistance or something else. Moreover, there should be job security. JAL should not have a layoff and it will help the employees to realize that job security is an important benefit provided by JAL. Paying bonuses or having any kind of variable compensation plan can be either an incentive or a distraction, depending on how it is administered and communicated (Pate Beaumont, 2006). Bonuses should be giving out in a way that the employees understand that this payment is due to the company hits a certain level of profitability. Then the criteria of giving out can be base on team success and individual success. It is based on performance, criteria is consistent for everyone, it is related for the employees to the success of the company, brings the necessity profit into reality, creating people to focus more on team (Harvey Turnbull, 2006). JAL should incorporate profit sharing, stock options, other non financial-based incentives, and a great communication plan for when a bonus plan is there. JALs employees evaluations should be based on demonstrating the spirit of outrageous customer service. Managers who will give an employee superior performance ratings must include documentation of actual examples of exemplary customer service that warranty the rating. Performance measures to be used should be cross functional (Kearns, 2010). This will motivate cooperation rather than competition. At most of the airlines, delays are attributed to specific units such as fueling, cleaning or baggage handling. At JAL, delays should be tied to the entire team or process, reducing blame shifting, and encouraging employees to assist other functions when needed (Miles Mangold, 2005). Performance measurement should be used as a performance management tool to foster cooperation, learning, and improvement. This essay is attempting to solve the problems faced by JAL. Eventually, employees form the greatest asset and must be continuously nurtured and developed as company strives to maintain reputation for excellence in the highly competitive global air travel industry. JAL should adopt a multi-faceted approach which incorporates all aspects of HR, which serves its employees from Recruitment to Retirement. There is a need to continuously improve processes and strategies. The people factor should be given top priority across the whole organization. Feedback and inputs from management, other divisions and diverse employee groups should be welcomed, and this will immensely contribute towards improving the standards and quality of output. JAL should have such an environment in which people can work well to the best, including the enjoyment of working that employees can develop, and be able to perform the most out of their ability and talents.

Western Influence on Japan Essay -- Japan and the West, The Meiji Rest

The new Meiji Period was the starting point for Japan’s isolation from foreign countries. During the end of Edo period, Matthew C. Perry came to Japan and established the Nichi-Bei Washin Joyaku, the Japan-US Treaty of Amity and Friendship, allowing Japan to be fully open to the United States of America. Soon after, foreign officials from other countries came to Japan to make similar friendship treaties, changing Japan to be one of the global nations. From the treaty, Foreigners started to build homes and live in one of the ports opened to them, creating cultural influence on the people who had never seen foreigners. Through the opening of Japan during the Meiji Period, Westerners were able to enter and create a positive influence on Japan. With emerging Western culture, Japanese foods expanded to accommodate the use of meat to fit the preference of Japanese. New industrial technology from America and Europe provided the base of Japan’s technology, leading to today’s modern and developed country with the continuous improvement. With major changes in Japanese diet and technology from emerging Western culture, Japan gained social and economic benefits, allowing the country to be the great powerhouse it is today. During the Meiji restoration, selected members of Japanese were dispatched to the United States and Europe to learn about Western laws and cultures. Western cuisine was one of the practices they achieved throughout the tour. During the visit, what astonished the Japanese was a significant height difference compared to American and European. Japanese were typically small because the traditional Japanese food culture based on fish didn’t provide enough nutrients like meat essential for healthier physical growth. Aft... ...GING PERCEPTIONS OF BEEF IN THE MAKING OF MODERN. Rep. no. Volume V 2009. The Australian National University, 2009. Web. 23 Apr. 2012. . Onishi, Norimitsu. "Spaghetti Stir-fry and Hambagoo: Japan Looks West." Nytimes.com. The New York Times, 26 Mar. 2008. Web. . Weinstein, Andrew. "Japan's Auto Industry ." About JAMA. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2012. . Yamasa. "Things Japanese - "A History of Japanese Cuisine"" Yamasa.org. The Yamasa Institute. Web. 23 Apr. 2012. . Yasuo, Wakuda. "Improvement of Urban Railways." (1997): n. page. Web. 13 May. 2012. .